Changes in the function of the visual organs in the acute period of traumatic brain injuries, according to the Glasgow scale

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the pressing problems of medicine, leading to the development of neurological and ophthalmological complications, which are the direct cause of decreased ability to work and disability of victims (Ydyrysov I.T., Kalyev K.M. 2018). A feature of visual organ trauma is its combination with damage to many brain structures and the specificity of the damaging agent, leading to the development of mechanical and chemical damage. Many new specific clinical signs have emerged in traumatic brain injury (TBI), which have been little studied. In TBI, ophthalmopathology is represented mainly by damage to the optic nerve. One of the pathogenetic factors of traumatic disease after TBI is a violation of autoregulation of cerebral blood flow. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to damage to the visual analyzer in up to 20% of cases. (Aznabaev B.M., Latypova E.A. 2015; Yatsenko O.Yu. et al. 2017; Akmataliev A.A., Bektash U.U. 2018). Is it possible to predict the preservation of visual functions in various types of TBI, what changes occur in central hemodynamics and liquorodynamics, and how do they affect visual functions? These and many other questions are poorly reflected in modern ophthalmological literature (Stern M.V., Sharova E.V., Zhavoronkova L.A., Dolgikh V.T., Kuzovlev A.N., Pronin. 2023).