ENCLAVE AREAS: MACRO-PROBLEMS OF MICRO-REGIONS
PDF

Keywords

enclave, exclave, mainland state, surrounding state, classification of enclaves, full enclave, semi-enclave, pure exclave, peneenclave, boundary problems, delimitation, demarcation, interstate relations

Abstract

This article focuses on the history, classification, geopolitical situation, economic and socio-geographic characteristics, and development aspects of the enclave regions, which cause problems between the areas. Unlike other studies, enclave regions are approached as a geographic and geopolitical category rather than a political entity.
The article's main content is a theoretical analysis of the concepts of enclave and exclave, with a description of their geographical aspects. They were also analyzed based on economic-geographical principles as a territorial and political space

PDF

References

M. Aminov, B. Akhmedov and etc. National encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, vol. I. – Tashkent: "O‘zbekiston Milliy ensiklopediyasi", 2000. – P. 736.

The World book encyclopedia. – Chicago.: World book, 1994. Volume 6. ISBN 0-7166-0094-3.

Sh.Z. Jumakhanov, X.S. Mirzaaxmedov and I.R. Soliev. Geography of enclave and exclave areas. A.S.Soliev, Ed. / Namangan: "Namangan", 2014. – P. 128. ISBN: 978-9943-4210-9-7

E. Vinokurov. A Theory of Enclaves. – Kaliningrad: "Терра Балтика", 2007. –P. 342. ISBN: 978-0-7391-2403-1

А.П. Клемешев Проблема эксклавности в контексте глобализации. СПб: Изд-во СПб. ун-та, 2005.

G.W. Robinson Exclaves // Annals of the Association of Americal Geographers, 1959, September. №49. – P. 283-295.

H. Catudal. The Exclave problem of Western Europa. – The USA, "University of Alabama Press", 1979.

B. Whyte. "Bordering on the Ridiculous? A Comparison of the Baarle and Cooch Behar Enclaves. "The Globe", №53. – P. 18, 2002.

P. Raton. Les Enclaves. "Annuaire français de Droit International". – P. 9, 1958.

M. Aminov, T. Daminov and etc. National encyclopedia of Uzbekistan, vol. IV. – Tashkent: "O‘zbekiston Milliy ensiklopediyasi", 2002. – P. 704.

R. Shamsutdinov, S. Karimov. Homeland history. vol. III / Ed.: A. Yakhshiyev. – Tashkent: "Sharq", 2010. – P. 496. ISBN: 978-9943-00-584-6

Н.Н.Туманович. Описание архива академика В.В.Бартольда. –М., 1976. – Стр. 257.

Sh.Z. Jumakhanov, A.M. Toshpulatov. "Geopolitical view of the Central Asian region: Uzbekistan's geopolitical location in the region and its relationship". ISJ Theoretical & Applied Science, № 11(79). – P. 5 (pages 515-519). – The USA, Philadelphia, 30 November 2019. http://T-Science.org

Олимова С., Олимов М. Конфликты на границах в Ферганской долине: новые причины, новые акторы. т. XXXIV, № I, p. 129, 2017. https://centrasia.org/news

В. Зайцев, А. Токарева, Е. Федуненко, Е. Чернышева, О. Шкуренко. Все анклавы мира. https://www.kommersant.ru/doc/2674108. № 10, 16 March 2015.

И.Н. Коломиец. Формирование и реализация стратегии социально-экономического развития анклавного региона России. Автореферат дисс. канд. экон. наук: Рос. акад. гос. службы при Президенте РФ. – Москва, 2006

Виноградов М.В. Восточнопрусский анклав в межвоенный период (1918-1939). Дис. кан. наук. – Санкт-Петербург, 2003.

Abbey Ph. Treaty Ports, Foreign Concessions and Colonies in 1920’s in China, 2007. http://www.geocities.com/treatyport01/treatyportlist.html.

Sh.Z. Jumakhanov, A.M. Toshpulatov. The Theory of enclaves: geographical and geopolitical analysis [Monograph] / Responsible editor: Boymirzaev K.M. – Namangan: "Usman Nasir media", 2022. – P. 146. ISBN: 978-9943-8405-8-4

A.M. Toshpulatov, U.N. Kakhkhorova. Uzbek-kyrgyz Relations: Overcoming the Problem of the Barak Enclave //JournalNX. – India, 2020. №. 6 (6). – P. 33-37. https://www.academia.edu/43613080/journalNX_uzbek_kyrgyz_relations_overcoming_the_problem_of_the_Barak_enclave